Although examples of leadership by and of African-Americans abound, relatively few scholars and teachers of leadership focus on the particular characteristics and dynamics of African American leadership -- with the possible exception of civil rights era leadership (Ospina and Foldy, 2009). This case describes a new African American movement that builds on the traditions and accomplishments of African American leadership and responds to developments in African American communities and the U.S. in the post-civil rights era. This e-case also includes an annotated bibliography (see Module 1) that highlights African American leadership as well as the political, economic and social trends that have resulted in concentrated poverty in many urban black neighborhoods.